Fotogrametria aplicada
Classical aerial photogrammetric cartography.
The aerial photogrammetric survey is one of the most used methods for mapping the earth's surface. The photogrammetric flight is performed by an aircraft, to which a photogrammetric camera is attached that covers the entire area to be mapped.
To obtain complete coverage of the terrain to be represented, aerial photographs are taken with proper overlap. With the help of photogrammetric equipment, the restitution is carried out, the process of "making the map, through a three-dimensional model.
Thematic Cartography
Providing specific information about specific locations, general information about the distribution of phenomena or comparing distributions and various maps are important functions of thematic mapping.
In short, thematic cartography is expressed by themes. Thematic cartography is produced for different purposes, themes and objectives, highlighting the production of risk cartography, tourist maps, maps of land and road uses, such as Google Drive.
Topographic Cartography
Digital topographic cartography is produced at various scales and for different purposes.
So-called Digital Surface Model (MDT) are surfaces that represent the morphology of the terrain, excluding buildings and others that are not necessary for the same study, basically it is the so-called original terrain. This is the three-dimensional model of the terrain.
Topographic Image Cartography (Orthophotomaps)
An orthophoto is a map made from orthorectified aerial photography, that is, free from distortions caused by camera tilt and relief. Thus, the reconstruction of aerial photography allows the creation of a flat and continuous image of the photographed territory, enabling the creation of maps with real images.
What is the detail level of the Cartography for Homologation by DGT?
"In Topographic Cartography, two levels of detail are considered - the level of detail 1 (NdD1), foreseen for detailed cartographic representations of circumscribed areas, and the level of detail 2 (NdD2) foreseen for the integral representation of the national territory.
The NdD1 type:
The NdD1 is suitable for detailed mapping of great accuracy and detail, being indicated for urban intervention and land registry projects. This NdD is mandatory for supporting cartography used in some territorial management instruments (IGT), such as the detail plan (PP).
The NDD2 type:
NdD2 is suitable for the territorial management of considerable areas, being useful, for example, in some IGTs such as Municipal Master Plans (PDM) and Urbanization Plans or preliminary projects for the construction of roads. This NdD is indicated for mapping support to municipal or inter-municipal master plans."
(Information provided by DGT in "Guiding Principles for the Production of Vector Topographic Cartography".